The Rise of the Complementary Pension System (TES) in Turkey
Türkiye’s long-term social security and retirement architecture is preparing for one of its most significant transformations in recent years. The 2026 Presidential Annual Program—officially announced in the Official Gazette No. 33062 (first duplicate issue) on October 30, 2025—sets the stage for a broad reconfiguration of pension mechanisms, especially through the anticipated Complementary Pension System (TES).…









